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In a water supply and sewerage system,water taken from rivers is led,treated,delivered,distributed,and supplied to homes,offices,and plants,and the resulting sewage is delivered to sewage treatment plants via sewage pipe line systems,which include pump facilities,for final treatment and discharging. In the wake of a large-scale earthquake,it is expected that tsunami/flood-induced submergence would damage electrical instrumentation systems more than physical destruction caused by seismic ground motion would. In addition,electric power supply outages may cause water supply and sewerage systems to stop,with some risks of disrupted water operation systems,emergency communication networks,and other systems. Given such background,this committee conducted a questionnaire-based hearing survey of disaster-stricken facilities to clearly define the issues to be solved in developing safety measures and risk management for municipal facilities in the future. The survey results found that the possibility of a water and sewage facility getting damaged by a disaster varies depending on the type and scale of the facility/equipment,which includes geographical environment and weather conditions. This survey also showed that there are large differences in how they view and approach countermeasures against disasters. For example,some understand what their risks are but are unable to take action immediately for financial reasons. In other words,it is necessary to take countermeasures against low-frequency,large-scale disasters by taking into account the facility's locational conditions,expected damage,and available budgets in a comprehensive manner. Based on these considerations,this report proposed dispersion of risks at water and sewage facilities and what it should be like,such as the use of dual fuel electric generators and dual communication channels. |
